4 points, 721 Broadway, 6th floor, Classroom 612
In 1994, the Whitney Museum of American Art sponsored a landmark exhibition: “Black Male: Representations of Masculinity in Contemporary American Art.” Curated by Thelma Golden, now the Director and Chief Curator of the Studio Museum in Harlem, the show exposed a number of viewers to that complex, troubling figure in American art and literature: the Black male.
As the catalogue’s editor, I was very moved to discover, while reading and working on the essays, all this diversity within the diversity. The cultural critic Greg Tate on Black genius, bell hooks on feminism vis a vis the Black male, Elizabeth Alexander on Rodney King, and Golden herself on her professional and personal relationship to Black masculinity — all important, vibrant voices that contributed to, and changed, the ways in which we looked and did not look at maleness, race, fraternity, fracture.
In “Black Male: James Baldwin Live and On Stage," we will examine the Black male as he's presented in the great American author's criticism, fiction, theatre, and film work. What is it about Baldwin and the Black male's “Africanist presence,” as Toni Morrison has it, that troubles, disturbs, frustrates, and enlightens when it comes to America in general and American theatre and film in particular? Was Baldwin — because of his largely closeted life — he an “invisible man,” or symbolic of violence? Invented, or free?
James Baldwin's first full length play, The Amen Corner, premiered at Howard University in 1955, when the author was thirty years old. By then, Baldwin had published one novel, Go Tell It On the Mountain (1953) and was putting together his seminal book of essays, Notes of A Native Son, which came out later in 1955. While a number of people warned Baldwin about writing a play on the heels of a successful novel — it was too risky financially and otherwise — the author felt compelled to do so; he wanted to help change the American theatre and how it did or didn't represent Black life.
For most of his life and career, Baldwin was drawn not only to the theatre, but to film: in addition to adapting a number of his works for the screen, he hoped to direct as well. (In 1958, the young writer was hired to assist the legendary director Elia Kazan when the latter was steering Archibald MacLeish's JB and Tennessee Williams' Sweet Bird of Youth, respectively, to their successful Broadway runs). In addition, Baldwin was friends with a number of other artists who, in one way or another, inspired him: playwright Lorraine Hansberry, author of A Raisin in the Sun; actors Marlon Brando and Geraldine Page; Turkish actor and director Engin Cezzar, and so on.
Nearly after a decade after The Amen Corner was first produced, Baldwin's second play, 1964's Blues for Mr. Charlie, had a brief run on Broadway. Nine years is a long time in the American theatre, and much had changed on the literary and theatrical landscape by the time Blues for Mr. Charlie had come and gone. What were the seismic shifts in the culture that got Blues for Mr. Charlie produced in the first place? Did other theatre artists of color (or women, or gay men) ultimately make a more significant radical contribution to the stage than Baldwin? Again and again, Baldwin wrote about masks and performers. What was he trying to say or not trying to say about the national character through these and other metaphors? What constitutes a Black theatre? And how did Baldwin and his precursors and contemporaries contribute to its making?